Micronesia Population: 106,104
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| Background | |
| In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986, independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US, which was amended and renewed in 2004. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid. |
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| Geography | |
| Four major island groups totaling 607 islands | |
| Location: | Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia |
| Geographic coordinates: | 6 55 N, 158 15 E |
| Area: | total: 702 sq km land: 702 sq km water: 0 sq km (fresh water only) note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae (Kosaie) Size comparison: four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only) |
| Land Boundaries: | 0 km |
| Coastline: | 6,112 km |
| Maritime claims: | territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Climate: | tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage |
| Terrain: | islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk |
| Elevation extremes: | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m |
| Natural resources: | timber, marine products, deep-seabed minerals, phosphate |
| Land use: | arable land: 5.71% permanent crops: 45.71% other: 48.58% (2005) |
| Irrigated land: | NA |
| Natural hazards: | typhoons (June to December) |
| Current Environment Issues: | overfishing, climate change, pollution |
| International Environment Agreements: | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
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| People | |
| Population: | 106,104 (July 2013 est.) |
| Age structure: | 0-14 years: 32.4% (male 17,478/female 16,915) 15-24 years: 20.4% (male 10,933/female 10,715) 25-54 years: 37.6% (male 19,370/female 20,551) 55-64 years: 6.3% (male 3,374/female 3,360) 65 years and over: 3.2% (male 1,500/female 1,908) (2013 est.) population pyramid: |
| Median age: | total: 23.1 years male: 22.6 years female: 23.7 years (2012 est.) |
| Population growth rate: | -0.343% (2012 est.) |
| Birth rate: | 21.85 births/1,000 population (2012 est.) |
| Death rate: | 4.31 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.) |
| Net migration rate: | -20.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.) |
| Sex ratio: | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2011 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate: | total: 23.51 deaths/1,000 live births male: 25.99 deaths/1,000 live births female: 20.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth: | total population: 71.8 years male: 69.84 years female: 73.85 years (2012 est.) |
| Total fertility rate: | 2.68 children born/woman (2012 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: | NA |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: | NA |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths: | NA |
| Nationality: | noun: Micronesian(s) adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese |
| Ethnic groups: | Chuukese 48.8%, Pohnpeian 24.2%, Kosraean 6.2%, Yapese 5.2%, Yap outer islands 4.5%, Asian 1.8%, Polynesian 1.5%, other 6.4%, unknown 1.4% (2000 census) |
| Religions: | Roman Catholic 52.7%, Protestant 41.7% (Congregational 40.1%, Baptist 0.9%, Seventh-Day Adventist 0.7%), other 3.8%, none or unspecified 0.8% (2000 Census) |
| Languages: | English (official and common language), Chuukese, Kosrean, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi |
| Literacy: | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 89% male: 91% female: 88% (1980 est.) |
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| Government | |
| Country name: | conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia conventional short form: none local long form: Federated States of Micronesia local short form: none former: Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts abbreviation: FSM |
| Government type: | constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force on 3 November 1986 and the Amended Compact entered into force in May 2004 |
| Capital: | name: Palikir geographic coordinates: 6 55 N, 158 09 E time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
| Administrative divisions: | 4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap |
| Independence: | 3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship) |
| National holiday: | Constitution Day, 10 May (1979) |
| Constitution: | 10 May 1979 |
| Legal system: | mixed legal system of common and customary law |
| Suffrage: | 18 years of age; universal |
| Executive branch: | chief of state: President Emanuel MORI (since 11 May 2007); Vice President Alik L. ALIK (since 11 May 2007); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Emanuel MORI (since 11 May 2007); Vice President Alik L. ALIK (since 11 May 2007) cabinet: Cabinet includes the vice president and the heads of the 8 executive departments (For more information visit the World Leaders website ) elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators at large for a four-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 11 May 2011 (next to be held in May 2015); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed election results: Emanuel MORI reelected president by Congress unopposed; Alik L. ALIK reelected vice president |
| Legislative branch: | unicameral Congress (14 seats; 4 - one elected from each state to serve four-year terms and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population to serve two-year terms; members elected by popular vote) elections: last held on 8 March 2011 (next to be held in March 2013) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 14 |
| Judicial branch: | Supreme Court |
| Political parties and leaders: | no formal parties |
| Political pressure groups and leaders: | NA |
| International organization participation: | ACP, ADB, AOSIS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO |
| Diplomatic representation in the US: | chief of mission: Ambassador Asterio R. TAKESY chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383 FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391 consulate(s) general: Honolulu, Tamuning (Guam) |
| Diplomatic representation from the US: | chief of mission: Ambassador Dorothea-Maria ROSEN embassy: 101 Upper Pics Road, Kolonia mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, 96941; U.S. Embassy in Micronesia, 4120 Kolonia Place, Washington, D.C. 20521-4120 telephone: [691] 320-2187 FAX: [691] 320-2186 |
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| Economy | |
| Economic activity consists of subsistence farming and fishing and government which is funded largely by Compact of Free Association (Compact) assistance provided by the US. The islands have few known mineral deposits worth commerical exploration. The potential for tourism is also limited by isolation, lack of adequate facilities, and limited air and water connections hinder development. Under the terms of the original Compact, the US provided $1.3 billion in grants and aid in 1986-2001. The US and the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) negotiated a second (amended) Compact agreement in 2002-2003 and took effect in 2004. The amended Compact runs for a 20-year period to 2024; during which the US will provide roughly $2.1 billion to the FSM. The amended Compact also includes a Trust Fund for the people of the FSM which is to provide an income stream beyond 2024 when Compact grants are to end. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile because of reduced US assistance and lackluster performance of its small and stagnant private sector. | |
| GDP (purchasing power parity): | GDP (purchasing power parity): $310 million (2011 est.) $277 million (2002 est.) note: data are in 2008 US dollars GDP supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually |
| GDP (official exchange rate): | GDP (official exchange rate): $310 million (2011) |
| GDP - real growth rate: | 0.3% (2005 est.) |
| GDP - per capita (PPP): | GDP - per capita (PPP): $3,000 (2011 est.) $2,300 (2005 est.) note: data are in 2008 US dollars |
| GDP - composition by sector: | agriculture: 14% industry: 12% services: 74% (2011 est.) |
| Labor force: | 15,920 (2011) |
| Labor force - by occupation: | agriculture: 0.9% industry: 20.6% services: 78.5% note: two-thirds of the labor force are government employees (2011 est.) |
| Unemployment rate: | 22% (2000 est.) |
| Population below poverty line: | 26.7% (2000) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share: | lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices): | Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.4% (2011 est.) 3.5% (2010 est.) |
| Budget: | revenues: $107 million (FY07 est.) expenditures: $102 million (FY10/11 est.) |
| Agriculture - products: | black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, bananas, cassava (tapioca), sakau (kava), Kosraen citrus, betel nuts, sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens; fish |
| Industries: | tourism, construction; fish processing, specialized aquaculture; craft items (from shell, wood, and pearls) |
| Industrial production growth rate: | NA% |
| Electricity - production: | 192 million kWh (2002) country comparison to the world: 183 |
| Electricity - consumption: | 178.6 million kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - exports: | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - imports: | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Current account balance: | -$34.3 million (FY05 est.) |
| Exports: | $24.9 million (2009 est.) $14 million (2004 est.) |
| Exports - commodities: | fish, garments, bananas, black pepper, sakau (kava), betel nut |
| Imports: | $132.7 million (2004) |
| Imports - commodities: | food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages |
| Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: | $75.06 million (31 December 2011 est.) $55.76 million (2010 est.) |
| Debt - external: | $60.8 million (FY05 est.) |
| Exchange rates: | the US dollar is used |
| Fiscal year: | 1 October - 30 September |
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| Communications | |
| Telephones in use: | 8,500 (2010) country comparison to the world: 201 |
| Cellular Phones in use: | 27,500 (2010) |
| Telephone system: | general assessment: adequate system domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes), satellite (Intelsat) ground stations, and some coaxial and fiber-optic cable; mobile-cellular service available on Kosrae, Pohnpei, and Yap international: country code - 691; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002) |
| Radio broadcast stations: | |
| Television broadcast stations: | |
| Internet country code: | .fm |
| Internet hosts: | 4,668 (2012) |
| Internet users: | 17,000 (2009) |
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| Transportation | |
| Airports: | 6 (2012) country comparison to the world: 171 |
| Airports (paved runways): | total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2012) |
| Roadways: | total: 240 km paved: 42 km unpaved: 198 km (2000) |
| Merchant marine: | total: 3 by type: cargo 1, passenger/cargo 2 (2010) |
| Ports and terminals: | Colonia (Tomil Harbor), Lele Harbor, Pohnepi Harbor |
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| Military | |
| Defense is the responsibility of the US | |
| Military branches: | no regular military forces (2012) |
| Manpower available for military service: | males age 16-49: 26,712 (2010 est.) |
| Manpower fit for military service: | males age 16-49: 22,008 females age 16-49: 23,501 (2010 est.) |
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